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Healthcare Professionals

parkinson disease

Glossary


CAD (coronary artery disease)

Condition in which deposits of fat or plaques build up in the cells lining the wall of a coronary artery, thus obstructing the flow of blood.

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Calcium antagonists

Drug used to lower the frequency of angina.

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Cardiac

Pertaining to the heart.

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Cardiac arrest

Blood ceases to circulate and the heart stops beating, chiefly owing to rapid and/or chaotic activity of the heart, i.e. ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.

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Cardiac arrhythmia

Heart beat irregularity caused by damage to or defect in heart tissue and its electrical system.

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Cardiac catheterization

Placement of a catheter in an artery or vein in order to investigate the heart, sometimes using a fluoroscope to view the heart. The catheter is passed through an artery in either the forearm or groin, to the coronary arteries.

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Cardiologist

A physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of heart disorders.

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Cardiomyopathy

The general term for diseases of the heart muscle. The most common of these diseases is dilated cardiomyopathy, in which the heart muscle is weakened by the disease, causing left ventricular dilation leading to elevated diastolic pressure and volume.

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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

This procedure is used when the heart stops beating. It is a method of mouth-to-mouth breathing and external cardiac compression in order to keep oxygenated blood circulating.

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Catheter

A thin, flexible tube that is inserted into a vein or artery. It is made of material to which blood will not adhere.

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Catheterization

Insertion of a catheter into a vein or artery, guiding it through the heart chambers and surrounding vessels for the purpose of examination or treatment.

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Cineangiocardiography

A procedure similar to angiocardiography except that the method uses motion pictures instead of x-ray slides.

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Closed heart surgery

Surgery conducted on blood vessels in the abdomen but not in the heart. It does not call for a heart-lung machine.

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Coarctation

A constriction of the aorta where the aorta and pulmonary arteries are joined by the ductus arteriosus.

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Collateral circulation

Network of small arteries which are normally closed. If the coronary artery is blocked, they may open up in order to take blood to the heart.

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Congenital

Existing at birth

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Congestive heart

Inability of the heart to pump blood out. The accumulation of fluid on lungs and tissue can be acute or gradual.

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Coronary angiogram

A test to indicate where the arteries are constricted and how narrow they have become.

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Coronary angioplasty

Treatment to enhance blood supply to the heart muscle. A catheter with a small inflatable balloon at its tip is inserted into an artery in the groin and threaded through the constricted artery. Then the balloon is inflated so that it presses the fatty tissue responsible for the constriction, thus widening the artery.

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Coronary artery bypass surgery

Operation used to bypass constricted sections of coronary arteries.

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Coronary

Relating to the heart or one of the two arteries which originate in the aorta and supply blood directly to the heart tissue.

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Corticosteroids

Hormones produced naturally by the body which can also be created synthetically. The immune system is suppressed by high doses of corticosteroids. See Prednisone.

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Crossmatching

Testing blood samples to establish the compatibility of a potential donor's blood and a recipient's blood.

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Cyanosis

Condition in which skin, lips and nail beds are discolored to a bluish hue due to inadequate blood oxygenation.

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Congestive Heart Failure

Condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the requirements of the other organs in the body.

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CVD

Cardiovascular disease

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CAD

Coronary artery disease

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CT

computed tomography

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